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Prednisolone Versus Dexamethasone for Croup: a Randomized Controlled TrialThe type of oral steroid seems to have no clinically significant impact on efficacy, both acutely and during the week after treatment
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S. aureus colonization in healthy Australian adults receiving an investigational S. aureus 3-antigen vaccineBased on descriptive analyses of this small study, S. aureus 3-antigen vaccine vaccination did not impact S. aureus acquisition or carriage
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Measurement of urinary 1-aminopyrene and 1-hydroxypyrene as biomarkers of exposure to diesel particulate matter in gold minersThe concentrations of 1-AP and 1-OHP increased significantly across a 12-hour mining work shift
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A cross-sectional examination of the clinical significance of autistic traits in individuals experiencing a first episode of psychosisResults suggest that autism traits are associated with poorer clinical presentation in first-episode psychosis populations
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Outcomes and endpoints reported in studies of pulmonary exacerbations in people with cystic fibrosis: A systematic reviewThere is no consensus about which outcomes should be evaluated in studies of pulmonary exacerbations in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). Outcomes used for evaluation should be meaningful; that is, they should capture how people feel, function or survive and be acknowledged as important to people with CF, or should be reliable surrogates of those outcomes. We aimed to summarise the outcomes and corresponding endpoints which have been reported in studies of pulmonary exacerbations, and to identify those which are most likely to be meaningful.
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Standardizing clinical care measures of rheumatic heart disease in pregnancy: A qualitative synthesisPregnancy provides an opportunity to strengthen health system responses and address whole-of-life health for women with rheumatic heart disease
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Prevalence and predictors of vitamin D deficiency in a nationally representative sample of Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adultsVitamin D deficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration <50 nmol/l) is recognised as a public health problem globally. The present study details the prevalence and predictors of vitamin D deficiency in a nationally representative sample (n 3250) of Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults aged ≥18 years. We used data from the 2012-2013 Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (AATSIHS). Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem MS.
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In “high-risk” infants with sufficient vitamin d status at birth, infant vitamin D supplementation had no effect on allergy outcomes: A randomized controlled trialEarly infancy oral vitamin D supplementation does not appear to reduce the development of early childhood allergic disease
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The Use of Test-negative Controls to Monitor Vaccine Effectiveness: A Systematic Review of MethodologyOur review highlights similarities and differences in the application of the test-negative design that deserve further examination
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Mental-health disparities between heterosexual and sexual-minority adolescents: Examining the role of informant discrepanciesUnderstanding informant discrepancies and their meaning is pivotal to designing surveys that generate robust insights into the health of sexual-minority adolescents