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Research

A collaborative yarn on qualitative health research with Aboriginal communities

In this paper, we seek to provide guidance for researchers who are new to undertaking research with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities

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Predictors of Change in Wellbeing and Mental Health of Parents of Autistic Pre-Schoolers

Parenting is a rewarding experience but is not without its challenges. Parents of Autistic children face additional challenges, and as a result can experience lower levels of wellbeing and more mental health problems (i.e., depression, anxiety, stress). Previous studies have identified concurrent correlates of wellbeing and mental health.

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Longitudinal effects of caregiving on parental well-being: the example of Rett syndrome, a severe neurological disorder

Our findings suggest that some opportunities do exist for clinicians to help optimise parental well-being

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Dendritic cells and cancer: From biology to therapeutic intervention

In this review, we discuss the different subsets of tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells and their role in anti-tumor immunity

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Development of a Model of Care resource for FASD in the justice system

This article describes the development of a Model of Care resource to support youth involved with the justice system where a neurodevelopmental disability such as Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder is suspected. Service staff within the Youth Justice sector were engaged in an iterative process of resource development over a 9-month period.

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Key paediatric messages from the 2018 European Respiratory Society International Congress

Group Chairs and early career members highlight some of the most interesting findings in the field of paediatrics presented at the 2018 international ERS Congress

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Enhanced versus standard hydration in acute ischemic stroke: REVIVE—A randomized clinical trial

Early neurological deterioration (END) within 72 h of stroke onset is associated with poor prognosis. Optimizing hydration might reduce the risk of END.

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Meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies in neonates reveals widespread differential DNA methylation associated with birthweight

We find that DNA methylation in neonatal blood is associated with birthweight, with a difference in birthweight ranging from -183 to 178 grams per 10% increase in methylation

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Modeling the potential health impact of prospective Strep A vaccines

The World Health Organization published the preferred product characteristics for a Group A Streptococcus (Strep A) vaccine in 2018. Based on these parameters for the age of vaccination, vaccine efficacy, duration of protection from vaccine-derived immunity, and vaccination coverage, we developed a static cohort model to estimate the projected health impact of Strep A vaccination at the global, regional, and national levels and by country-income category.

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Mucus accumulation in the lungs precedes structural changes and infection in children with cystic fibrosis

These findings indicate that early CF lung disease is characterized by an increased mucus burden and inflammatory markers without infection or structural lung disease

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Health service utilisation for acute respiratory infections in infants graduating from the neonatal intensive care unit: a population-based cohort study

Despite advances in neonatal intensive care, babies admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) suffer from adverse outcomes. We aim to describe the longer-term respiratory infectious morbidity of infants discharged from NICU using state-wide population-based linked data in Western Australia.

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Association between psychotic experiences and non-accidental self-injury: results from a nationally representative survey of adolescents

Adolescents reporting any sychotic experiences in the past 12 months reported increased likelihood of non-accidental self-injury in the same time period

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How Families Manage the Complex Medical Needs of Their Children with MECP2 Duplication Syndrome

MECP2 duplication syndrome (MDS) is a rare, X-linked, neurodevelopmental disorder resulting from the duplication of the methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MECP2) gene. The clinical features of MDS include severe intellectual disability, global developmental delay, seizures, recurrent respiratory infections, and gastrointestinal problems. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore how the parents of children with MDS manage their child's seizures, recurrent respiratory infections, and gastrointestinal symptoms, and the impact on them as parents.

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The contribution of viruses and bacteria to community-acquired pneumonia in vaccinated children: A case - Control study

Respiratory viruses, particularly respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus, are major contributors to pneumonia in Australian children

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Gender non-conformity in childhood and adolescence and mental health through to adulthood: A longitudinal cohort study, 1995-2018

Few studies have examined associations between gender non-conformity (GNC) in childhood or adolescence and mental health outcomes later in life. This study examined associations between GNC and mental health over multiple time points in childhood and adolescence, and GNC in childhood and/or adolescence and mental health in adulthood.

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The relationship between pitch contours in infant-directed speech and early signs of autism in infancy

Mother-infant interactions during the first year of life are crucial to healthy infant development. The infant-directed speech (IDS), and specifically pitch contours, used by mothers during interactions are associated with infant language and social development.

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Transition models of care for type 1 diabetes: a systematic review

Managing the care regimen for Type 1 Diabetes is challenging for emerging adults, as they take on greater responsibility for self-management. A diverse range of models of care have been implemented to improve safety and quality of care during transition between paediatric and adult services. However, evidence about acceptability and effectiveness of these is limited.

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Blood pressure in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes: data from the Australasian Diabetes Data Network registry

Hypertension increases complication risk in type 1 diabetes (T1D). We examined blood pressure (BP) in adolescents and young adults with T1D from the Australasian Diabetes Data Network, a prospective clinical diabetes registry in Australia and New Zealand.