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Defining the appropriate waiting time between multiple-breath nitrogen washout measurements

This letter addresses the recommendations by the American Thoracic Society & European Respiratory Society in 2005, that patients must wait 15-60mins between...

Lung function following very preterm birth in the era of 'new' bronchopulmonary dysplasia

The pathophysiology of BPD has changed in recent years as advances in neonatal care have led to increased survival of smaller, more preterm, infants who...

Influence of gestational age on dead space and alveolar ventilation in preterm infants ventilated with volume guarantee

Ventilated preterm infant lungs are vulnerable to overdistension and underinflation.

Respiratory impedance in healthy unsedated South African infants: Effects of maternal smoking

Non-invasive techniques for measuring lung mechanics in infants are needed for a better understanding of lung growth and function...

Reduced forced vital capacity in Aboriginal Australians: Biology or missing evidence?

This editorial article addresses chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung function testing in Aboriginal Australians.

Perception of pediatric pain: A comparison of postoperative pain assessments between child, parent, nurse, and independent observer

Differences in the assessment of pediatric pain between children, parents, nurses, and independent observers in the acute postoperative setting

Trajectories of prematurity-associated lung disease: lifelong lung health

Preterm birth is increasingly recognised as adversely influencing lifelong lung function. This Series paper on prematurity-associated lung disease reviews studies reporting longitudinal lung function measurements in individuals who were born preterm. Evidence suggests that preterm birth alters lung function trajectories from early life onwards, with implications for future respiratory morbidity. We propose that this population needs rigorous follow up that should include systematic monitoring of lung function across the lifespan, starting in childhood.

Functional skills in MECP2 duplication syndrome: developmental dynamics and regression

MECP2 duplication syndrome (MDS) is an ultrarare, X-linked neurodevelopmental disorder that is poorly understood in terms of its natural history and phenotypic variability. There is limited information on how individuals with MDS acquire, retain or lose fundamental functional skills (gross motor, purposeful hand function and communication) - that of which this study aimed to better characterise in the largest case series to date.

A differentiated nasal epithelial cell model derived from children with acute wheeze and asthma

The airway epithelium is the primary structural and functional airway barrier and orchestrates innate immunity. Some children may have underlying epithelial vulnerabilities that contribute to the pathogenesis of acute wheeze and asthma.

MetaNeb Versus Usual Care During Exacerbations of Cystic Fibrosis: An RCT

During exacerbations, when symptom and treatment burden are increased, individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) are likely to prefer airway clearance techniques (ACTs) that require minimal effort. Therefore, in adults with CF who were hospitalised with an exacerbation, we sought to compare the effect of the MetaNeb with usual ACTs on respiratory function and expectorated sputum.