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Kawasaki disease, childhood allergy and the hygiene hypothesisKawasaki disease is characterized by increased inflammation
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Development of the Breastfed Infant Oral Microbiome Is Associated with Concentrations and Intakes of Human Milk OligosaccharidesHuman milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are bioactive carbohydrates abundant in human milk that shape the infant gut microbiome, yet their influence on the oral microbiome remains poorly understood. This study investigated associations between HMO concentrations and infant HMO intakes and the composition of the oral microbiome in predominantly and exclusively breastfed infants.
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BreastfeedingConvenient, readily available and helping create a close and loving bond between baby and mother, breastfeeding is highly regarded for optimising infant health and preventing chronic disease in adulthood.
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Evaluating the twin testosterone transfer hypothesis: A review of the empirical evidenceIn this paper we review the evidence that fetuses gestated with a male co-twin are masculinized in development, perhaps due to the influence of prenatal...
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Longitudinal Profiling of the Human Milk Microbiome from Birth to 12 Months Reveals Overall Stability and Selective Taxa-Level VariationHuman milk bacteria contribute to gut microbiome establishment in breastfed infants. Although breastfeeding is recommended throughout infancy, temporal variation in the milk microbiome-particularly beyond solid food introduction-remains understudied. We analyzed 539 milk samples from 83 mother-infant dyads between 1 week and 12 months postpartum using full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
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FLI1 polymorphism affects susceptibility to cutaneous leishmaniasis in BrazilMapping murine genes controlling cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) identified Fli1 as a candidate influencing resistance to L. major and enhanced wound healing.
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Maternal prebiotic supplementation during pregnancy and lactation modifies the microbiome and short chain fatty acid profile of both mother and infantImproving maternal gut health in pregnancy and lactation is a potential strategy to improve immune and metabolic health in offspring and curtail the rising rates of inflammatory diseases linked to alterations in gut microbiota. Here, we investigate the effects of a maternal prebiotic supplement (galacto-oligosaccharides and fructo-oligosaccharides), ingested daily from <21 weeks' gestation to six months' post-partum, in a double-blinded, randomised placebo-controlled trial.
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Toll-like receptor 7 and 8 polymorphisms: associations with functional effects and cellular and antibody responses to measles virus and vaccineSuccessful defence against viral pathogens requires the rapid recognition of virus-specific "danger signals" and the activation of both innate and adaptive...
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Maternal Allergic Disease Phenotype and Infant Birth Season Influence the Human Milk MicrobiomeEarly infancy is a critical period for immune development. In addition to being the primary food source during early infancy, human milk also provides multiple bioactive components that shape the infant gut microbiome and immune system and provides a constant source of exposure to maternal microbiota. Given the potential interplay between allergic diseases and the human microbiome, this study aimed to characterise the milk microbiome of allergic mothers.
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Autistic-like traits in childhood predict later age at menarche in girlsWe investigated the relationship between autistic-like traits in early childhood and age at menarche in typically developing girls.
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World Allergy Organization (WAO) Diagnosis and Rationale for Action against Cow's Milk Allergy (DRACMA) guidelines update – X – Breastfeeding a baby with cow's milk allergyCow's milk allergy is rare in exclusively breastfed infants. To support the continuation of breastfeeding an infant after diagnosis with a cow's milk allergy, it is critical to examine the evidence for and against any form of cow's milk elimination diet for lactating mothers. In this narrative review, we highlight the lack of high-quality evidence, hence subsequent controversy, regarding whether the minuscule quantities of cow's milk proteins detectable in human milk cause infant cow's milk allergy symptoms.
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Are autistic traits in the general population stable across development?The current investigation measured AT in 360 males and 400 males from the general population close to two decades apart, using the Pervasive Developmental...
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Modulation of the immune system by UV radiation: More than just the effects of vitamin D?Humans obtain most of their vitamin D through the exposure of skin to sunlight
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Restricted aeroallergen access to airway mucosal dendritic cells in vivo limits allergen-specificChronic innocuous aeroallergen exposure attenuates CD4+ T cell-mediated airways hyperresponsiveness in mice; however, the mechanism(s) remain unclear
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The relationship between MECP2 mutation type and health status and service use trajectories over time in a Rett syndrome populationThis study aimed to investigate the trajectories over time of health status and health service use in Rett syndrome by mutation...
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Changes in health professionals' knowledge, attitudes and practice following provision of educational resourcesWe provided health professionals in Western Australia (WA) with educational resources about prevention of prenatal alcohol exposure and fetal alcohol...
News & Events
World-first evidence links exclusive colostrum intake with reduced peanut allergy riskFirst-of-its-kind findings show that newborns exclusively fed colostrum in their first 72 hours of life were five times less likely to develop a peanut allergy by 12-18 months, and 11 times less likely to develop multiple food allergies (such as egg or cow’s milk) compared with infants who also received formula
News & Events
Support breastfeeding Mums for healthy babies and a healthy planetAs a child health researcher, I'm often asked by new Mums what's the best thing they can do for their babies? And my answer is always the same, breastfeed.
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The influence of infant feeding attitudes on breastfeeding duration: evidence from a cohort study in rural Western AustraliaThe Rural Infant Feeding Study aimed to describe the factors associated with breastfeeding practice from birth to 12 months of age in rural Western Australia.
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The relationship between nutrition in infancy and cognitive performance during adolescenceNutrition in early childhood may have a long-term association with fundamental cognitive processing speed, which is likely to be related to enhanced brain...