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Research

Efficacy of the human papillomavirus (HPV)-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine in women aged 15-25 years

We present further data on vaccine efficacy (VE) against HPV-16/18 in the total vaccinated cohort including women who may have been exposed to HPV-16/18...

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Vitamin D and atopy and asthma phenotypes in children

The purpose of this Review was to give an overview of the recent research into whether a lack of vitamin D contributes to the development of atopy and asthma...

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Maternal Vitamin D Levels and the Autism Phenotype Among Offspring

We tested whether maternal vitamin D insufficiency during pregnancy is related to the autism phenotype.

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The Australian guideline for prevention, diagnosis and management of acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease (2nd edition)

Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) occur at very high rates among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.

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Cytokine responses to novel antigens in a peri-urban population in Brazil exposed to Leishmania infantum chagasi

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is fatal if untreated, and there are no vaccines for this disease

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Association of a NOD2 gene polymorphism and T-helper 17 cells with presumed ocular toxoplasmosis

We assessed 30 sibships and 89 parent/case trios of presumed ocular toxoplasmosis (POT) to evaluate associations with polymorphisms in the NOD2 gene.

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Evidence for Distinct Cognitive Profiles in Autism Spectrum Disorders and Specific Language Impairment

This finding supports distinct cognitive profiles in ASD and SLI and may provide further evidence for distinct aetiological mechanisms in the two conditions.

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Locally derived traffic-related air pollution and fetal growth restriction: a retrospective cohort study

Fetal growth restriction has been inconsistently associated with maternal exposure to elevated levels of traffic-related air pollution.

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Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae: prevalence and risk factors in HIV-positive children in Tanzania

Pneumococcal colonization of the nasopharynx is especially common in young children and is a pre-requisite for pneumococcal disease...

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Alcohol and pregnancy: Do abstinence policies have unintended consequences?

A recent study found that while few women reported alcohol as the reason for seeking an abortion, in almost all cases where alcohol was the reason, the women...