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Research

This study provides the first evidence on the determinants of uptake of two recent public dental benefit programs for Australian children and adolescents from disadvantaged families. Using longitudinal data from a nationally representative survey linked to administrative data with accurate information on eligibility and uptake, we find that only a third of all eligible families actually claim their benefits.

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High consumption of sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) has been linked to unhealthy weight gain and nutrition related chronic disease.

Research

Medulloblastoma (MB) consists of four core molecular subgroups with distinct clinical features and prognoses. Treatment consists of surgery, followed by radiotherapy and cytotoxic chemotherapy. Despite this intensive approach, outcome remains dismal for patients with certain subtypes of MB, namely, MYC-amplified Group 3 and TP53-mutated SHH. Using high-throughput assays, six human MB cell lines were screened against a library of 3208 unique compounds. We identified 45 effective compounds from the screen and found that cell cycle checkpoint kinase (CHK1/2) inhibition synergistically enhanced the cytotoxic activity of clinically used chemotherapeutics cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, and gemcitabine.

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Vulvodynia and pudendal neuralgia comprise significant contributors to vulvar-related pain and its impact on daily life. A retrospective clinical audit was conducted at the Women's Health & Research Institute of Australia, Sydney, to determine the pattern of use and the efficacy of the application of topical amitriptyline 0.5% plus oestriol 0.03% in organogel (AOO), to the vulvar vestibule in reducing the impact of pain on daily life.

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Breastfeeding has been associated with multiple developmental advantages for the infant; however, there have also been a number of studies that find...

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To describe the major congenital anomalies present in children with postneonatally acquired cerebral palsy (CP), and to compare clinical outcomes and cause of postneonatally acquired CP between children with and without anomalies.

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International comparisons were conducted of preschool children's behavioral and emotional problems as reported on the Child Behavior Checklist for Ages...

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The concentrations of 1-AP and 1-OHP increased significantly across a 12-hour mining work shift

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It has been argued that the preponderance of studies into individual smoking cessation therapies seems grossly out of proportion to the number of people...

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The presence of pleural plaques on radiologic imaging does not confer additional increase in the risk of lung cancer

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The legacy of Wittenoom has extended beyond the mine and the town, and is still evident more than 50 years after the closure of the mine

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To investigate the burden of excess mortality among people with mental illness in developed countries, how it is distributed, and whether it has changed over...

Research

This single-centre retrospective study explores demographics and outcomes of patients who underwent a modified Blalock-Taussig shunt (MBTS) over a 22-year period. The predominant surgical approach in this study is a lateral thoracotomy, in contrast to a midline sternotomy. Risks and outcomes of this approach are compared with national and international literature.

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To examine the association of fetal alcohol exposure during pregnancy with child and adolescent behavioural development.

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Epigenetic modifications are associated with hepatic fat accumulation and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, few epigenetic modifications directly implicated in such processes have been identified during adolescence, a critical developmental window where physiological changes could influence future disease trajectory. To investigate the association between DNA methylation and NAFLD in adolescence, we undertook discovery and validation of novel methylation marks, alongside replication of previously reported marks.

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To compare the nature & prevalence of mental health problems, prevalence of suicidal ideation & behaviour, & health-related quality of life of 13-17-year-olds..

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The aim of this study was to describe current and daily smoking rates, and smoking cessation rates in adults with anxiety disorders

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The plasma glucose response to moderate-intensity exercise can be reproducible in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes