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Research

Zika Virus Changes Methylation of Genes Involved in Immune Response and Neural Development in Brazilian Babies Born With Congenital Microcephaly

The recent increase in babies born with brain and eye malformations in Brazil is associated with Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in utero. ZIKV alters host DNA methylation in vitro. Using genome-wide DNA methylation profiling we compared 18 babies born with congenital ZIKV microcephaly with 20 controls. We found ZIKV-associated alteration of host methylation patterns, notably at RABGAP1L which is important in brain development, at viral host immunity genes MX1 and ISG15, and in an epigenetic module containing the causal microcephaly gene MCPH1. Our data support the hypothesis that clinical signs of congenital ZIKV are associated with changes in DNA methylation.

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Effect of Maternal Influenza Vaccination on Hospitalization for Respiratory Infections in Newborns: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Maternal influenza vaccination was associated with a reduction in the incidence of hospital admission for acute respiratory illness among infants <6 months old

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Correlation of ultra-low dose chest CT findings with physiologic measures of asbestosis

This study aimed to determine the relationship between ULDCT-ILD and measures of pulmonary function in an asbestos-exposed population.

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Predictors of vitamin D-containing supplement use in the Australian population and associations between dose and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations

The prevalence of vitamin D-containing supplement use was generally low in the Australian population, particularly for single vitamin D supplements

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Progressive ventilation inhomogeneity in infants with cystic fibrosis after pulmonary infection

This study aimed to determine how pulmonary inflammation & infection impacts on ventilation distribution throughout early life in people with cystic fibrosis.

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Longitudinal analysis of respiratory outcomes among bauxite exposed workers in western Australia

This study investigated any associations between cumulative bauxite exposure and respiratory symptoms.

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Immunogenicity of the inactivated influenza vaccine in children who have undergone allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant

This study provides evidence to support annual inactivated influenza vaccine administration to children following allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant

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MicroRNA Signatures in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Effusions

These results suggest that the expression of miR-143, miR-210, and miR-200c in PE cells might provide a signature for diagnosing malignant pleural mesothelioma

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Maternal Dietary Intake of Folate and Vitamins B6 and B12 During Pregnancy and Risk of Childhood Brain Tumors

This Australia-wide study examines whether maternal intake of folate and vitamins B6 and B12 during pregnancy is associated with development of brain tumors...