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Oral Health-Related Quality of Life of Western Australian Refugee Children With Childhood Caries

Dental caries remains the most common chronic childhood condition and in Australia persists as a leading cause of potentially preventable hospitalisation. Despite various public health initiatives and improvements in oral health among the wider community, significant disparities exist among refugee families due to the unique challenges they face.

Quicker team launch times for urgent priority neonatal retrievals: A Quality Improvement Initiative study

Neonatal retrieval networks have adopted time-centric quality metrics as Key Performance Indicators (KPI) for setting and comparing benchmarking standards. Quicker launch time (departure from base), an essential KPI, enables neonatal retrieval teams to rapidly provide higher-level care to sick infants. The Newborn Emergency Transport Services of Western Australia (NETS WA) facilitates neonatal transfers across largest global retrieval area necessitating quicker team launch times for urgent retrievals. NETS WA conducted a quality improvement (QI) study to quicken team launch times for urgent retrievals.

Validation and Comparison of Pediatric Appendicitis Scores and Management Strategies (Project SPASMS): Protocol for a Prospective Multicenter Observational Study

Abdominal pain is a common reason for children to attend the Emergency Department (ED) with acute appendicitis being the most common surgical cause. Various clinical prediction scores (CPSs) have been developed to assist in determining the risk of appendicitis; however, CPSs have been inadequately validated in children and haphazardly adopted in Australia and New Zealand EDs.

Quantifying undetected tuberculosis in Ethiopia using a novel geospatial modelling approach

Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading infectious cause of death globally, with approximately three million cases remaining undetected, thereby contributing to community transmission. Understanding the spatial distribution of undetected TB in high-burden settings is critical for designing and implementing geographically targeted interventions for early detection and control.

Sex-stratified Genome-wide Association Studies Including 270,000 Individuals Show Sexual Dimorphism in Genetic Loci for Anthropometric Traits

Our results demonstrate the value of sex-specific GWAS to unravel the sexually dimorphic genetic underpinning of complex traits.

Parental occupational exposure to engine exhausts and childhood brain tumors

Increased risks were observed for maternal exposure to diesel exhaust any time before the child's birth and paternal exposure around the time of the child's...

Drug-gene modeling in pediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia highlights importance of 6-mercaptopurine for outcome

This study advances our understanding of drug resistance in T-ALL and provides new markers for patient stratification.

Hypertensive diseases of pregnancy predict parent-reported difficult temperament in infancy

These data suggest that the link between maternal hypertensive diseases of pregnancy and child behavioral development begins in the first year of life.

Maternal life stress events in pregnancy link to children's school achievement at age 10 years

Maternal antenatal exposure to life stress events has differing effects on the school performance of male and female offspring.

The CDKL5 disorder is an independent clinical entity associated with early-onset encephalopathy

The clinical understanding of the CDKL5 disorder remains limited, with most information being derived from small patient groups seen at individual centres.