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Challenges to curing primary brain tumoursThe seven key challenges summarized in this Position Paper are intended to serve as foci for future research and investment in brain tumours
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BRAF-mediated brain tumors in adults and children: A review and the Australian and New Zealand experienceThe mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway signaling pathway is one of the most commonly mutated pathways in human cancers. In particular, BRAF alterations result in constitutive activation of the rapidly accelerating fibrosarcoma-extracellular signal-regulated kinase-MAPK significant pathway, leading to cellular proliferation, survival, and dedifferentiation.
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Editorial: Bench to bedside: translating pre-clinical research into clinical trials for childhood brain tumorsNick Raelene Gottardo Endersby MBChB FRACP PhD BSc (Hons) PhD Head of Paediatric and Adolescent Oncology and Haematology, Perth Children’s Hospital;
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Implementation of DNA Methylation Array Profiling in Pediatric Central Nervous System Tumors: The AIM BRAIN Project: An Australian and New Zealand Children's Haematology/Oncology Group StudyDNA methylation array profiling for classifying pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors is a valuable adjunct to histopathology. However, unbiased prospective and interlaboratory validation studies have been lacking. The AIM BRAIN diagnostic trial involving 11 pediatric cancer centers in Australia and New Zealand.
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Veliparib Is an Effective Radiosensitizing Agent in a Preclinical Model of MedulloblastomaMedulloblastoma is the most common malignant childhood brain tumor, and 5-year overall survival rates are as low as 40% depending on molecular subtype, with new therapies critically important. As radiotherapy and chemotherapy act through the induction of DNA damage, the sensitization of cancer cells through the inhibition of DNA damage repair pathways is a potential therapeutic strategy.
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The case for DNA methylation based molecular profiling to improve diagnostic accuracy for central nervous system embryonal tumors (not otherwise specified) in adultsWe report the case of a 45-year-old woman who was diagnosed with a NOS based on immunohistochemical analysis of the patient's tumor at diagnosis.
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Use of bevacizumab as a single agent or in adjunct with traditional chemotherapy regimens in children with unresectable or progressive low-grade gliomaBevacizumab is well tolerated and appears most effective for rapid tumor control to preserve vision and improve morbidity
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Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine GliomaThis chapter summarizes recent advances in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma and potential novel therapies
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Medulloblastoma therapy generates risk of a poorly-prognostic H3 wild-type subgroup of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma: a report from the International DIPG RegistryThese findings provide a compelling argument for efforts to reduce exposure of the brainstem in the treatment of medulloblastoma
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Clinical evidence for synergy between immunotherapy and radiotherapy (SITAR)Previous preclinical and clinical trials have shown promising antitumour activity and toxicity profile when employing the ‘Synergy between Immunotherapy and Radiotherapy’ (SITAR) strategy. Approximately, one in seven radiation therapy studies currently recruiting is investigating SITAR.