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Research

Working towards a Group A Streptococcal vaccine: Report of a collaborative Trans-Tasman workshop

This paper is a report on progress towards a joint Australian and New Zealand vaccination program for Group A Streptococcus bacteria, which causes serious...

Research

Invasive Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Children in Tropical Northern Australia

We conducted a retrospective review for all cases of S aureus bacteremia and sterile site infections, for children under 15 years, in northern Australia over...

Research

Benzathine penicillin G for the management of RHD: Concerns about quality and access, and opportunities for intervention and improvement

Benzathine penicillin G is an important antibiotic for the treatment and prevention of group A streptococcal infections associated with rheumatic fever and...

Research

Attendances during the First 12 Months of Life for Aboriginal Children in Five Remote Communities of Northern Australia

The median number of presentations per child in the first year of life was 21 with multiple reasons for presentation.

Research

Swimming pools in remote Aboriginal communities

Providing remote communities with access to chlorinated swimming pools has been considered as a possible strategy for reducing ear and skin infection rates...

Research

Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990-2010: A systematic analysis

Measuring disease and injury burden in populations requires a composite metric that captures both premature mortality and the prevalence and severity of...

Research

Invasive Infections Caused by Lancefield Groups C/G and A Streptococcus, Western Australia, Australia, 2000–2018

Epidemiologic data on invasive group C/G Streptococcus (iGCGS) infections are sparse internationally. Linked population-level hospital, pathology, and death data were used to describe the disease burden in Western Australia, Australia, during 2000-2018 compared with that of invasive group A Streptococcus (GAS, Streptococcus pyogenes) infections.

Research

Risk factors for group A streptococcal pharyngitis and skin infections: A case control study

Group A streptococcal (GAS) infections can trigger an immune-mediated response resulting in acute rheumatic fever. The role of social and environmental risk factors for GAS pharyngitis and skin infections are not well understood.

Research

Rheumatic heart disease in The Gambia: clinical and valvular aspects at presentation and evolution under penicillin prophylaxis

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) remains the leading cause of cardiac-related deaths and disability in children and young adults worldwide. In The Gambia, the RHD burden is thought to be high although no data are available and no control programme is yet implemented. We conducted a pilot study to generate baseline data on the clinical and valvular characteristics of RHD patients at first presentation, adherence to penicillin prophylaxis and the evolution of lesions over time.

Research

Rheumatic heart disease in Indigenous young peoples

Indigenous children and young peoples live with an inequitable burden of acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease. In this Review, we focus on the epidemiological burden and lived experience of these conditions for Indigenous young peoples in Australia, New Zealand, and Canada. We outline the direct and indirect drivers of rheumatic heart disease risk and their mitigation.